Each monocoque 'box' provides a wide upper and lower deck to enclose areas quickly.
Factory options can include:-

• Upper weathering membrane (e.g.GRP)
  
• Insulation
• Decorated soffit (clear/stained/opaque)
• Class 1/0 flame spread
• 30 minutes fire resistance
• Wiring or conduits

This roof at Darlastan comprises of monocoque panels.

Thus combining several trades and reducing site time accordingly.

The panels are made from Kerto 'Q' Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) throughout with exterior quality bonding.

The spruce veneers are selected primarily for structural qualities with an appropiate proportion of knots permitted. Soffits are normally sanded ready for applied finishes as required.

Kerto 'Q' is made up to 26m long x 1.8m wide or 20m long x 2.5m wide. This is cut to our requirements:-

For optimum handling 2500/2 = 1250mm is our preferred standard, but for panels up to 26000 long or for heavy (floor) loading 1800/2 = 900mm would be appropriate.

Please refer to span tables, located at the bottom of the page.

The construction can accommodate most types of insulation including mineral and sheep's wool. EPS and high performance spray or sheet foam. To achieve 0.25 W/m² °C approx 150mm of wool/EPS or 100mm of foam/board is required

The most economic (quilt) forms of insulation tend to be permeable and allow transmission of moisture vapour.
If the insulation is to be located inside the panel it should be on the lower surface and not fill the void which should be ventilated.
Under some circumstances the top deck can be sufficiently permeable to allow the roof to breathe without a positive air-flow. (Rainscreen spaced clear of top deck. Extra sealer applied to soffit).
Where ventilation can be acheived within panel or, where cladding is on purlins/counter battens creating ventilation zone above:-

The insulation is less expensive but permeable. Moisture entering roof void can escape.

Where ventilation is not possible, then impermeable insulation should be used close bonded to the top deck.
This prevents high humidity reaching the dew point and thus avoids condensation. It may also be located on top of the panel when its continuity can
have practical advantages.

For fully supported membranes and/or where ventilation is difficult:-

The insulation is a high density grade of limited permeability sealed to control vapour access to dew point zone.

Monocoque structural decking units provide a versatile option for most flat planes in building construction.

The robust construction complements the roof spanning capacity allowing large openings to be detailed.

A taper option enables panels to have built-in falls to the top surface whilst retaining a horizontal ceiling.

The good spanning capacity – up to 12m – improves flexibility of intermediate wall layout.

Permissible structural spans for standard depths of panel supporting various loads. Panels are made to order – ‘specials’ can be accommodated.
Based on 900 mm wide floor panels (1250 mm roof panels) and 21 mm thick Kerto Q boarding.
Roof panels based on a snow load of 0.6 kN/m² plus an allowance of 0.4 kN/m² for finishes.
Floor panels include an allowance of 0.25 kN/m² for ceiling and services in addition to the imposed floor load.

• Deflection or vibration is generally the governing criterion.
• Deflection under dead and imposed load is limited
  to 0.003L in all cases.
• For floor panels deflection is limited to 14 mm
  under dead + finishes + 1.5 kN/m² live load in
  order to limit vibration.